The Eukaryote, the First Cell to Get Organized

A brief synopsis of eukaryotic life from my book, showing where complex life fits into our timeline:

https://impacts.to/downloads/lowres/impacts.pdf#page=12

"At some point, in a sequel to mitochondrial capture, a eukaryote engulfed a cyanobacterium capable of photosynthesis... green organelles called chloroplasts, evolved into plants and other photosynthesizers."

Chloroplasts are only one type of plastid; this process occurred far more than once.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastid

The first cell with a surviving lineage to get organised. There could have been countless other 'attempts' that, for one reason or another, failed to get established, or died out before they could leave a trace in the fossil record.

So did multi-celled life evolve several times independently among the original eukaryotes if some gained chloroplasts or mitochondria before being multi-cellular?

> The eukaryotes invented organization, if we use the literal definition of “organize”: to be furnished with organs

I write about organisations, and I had never considered that! I wonder if that fits with the historical bias towards functional organisation. (And functionalism in sociology, but I undestand that to be discredited now)

Yesterday an article was trending "The Secret Electrostatic World of Insects". Now I wonder, how much does static electricity actually affect cells? https://www.wired.com/story/the-secret-electrostatic-world-o...